What Causes Rising Cholesterol In The Blood Vessels


There is no clear scientifically proven explanation as to precisely how a diet high in saturated fat could be the cause of rising cholesterol levels in the blood. We also do not know exactly how cholesterol can develop heart problems. There is however a very plausible theory that has a large following in the scientific community.

The LDL connection

It begins with an increased level of LDL cholesterol. Excess levels of LDL cholesterol usually result in some of the excess cholesterol to move to the artery walls. The higher the LDL levels, the more cholesterol moves out of the bloodstream and into the blood vessel walls. Rigidity of the artery walls might determine how much cholesterol may adhere to the artery walls. Smoking, high blood pressure, diabetic issues, as well as other influences such as stress may constrict artery walls. This can result in a disruption in the blood circulation and pressure. When this happens, artery walls can weaken or become scarred in the first layer of the lining allowing LDL to even further embed into the artery walls.

The role of swelling

This sets off a sequence of events where the body effectively sabotages itself. Inflammation flares up in the affected region resulting in White blood cells or macrophages to rush to the scene. The macrophages ingest the cholesterol and become engorged further blocking the blood vessels. These cells continue to demand even more reinforcements causing far more congestion for the flow of blood. The macrophages are designed to destroy infectious bacterias and then disappear are fighting Lipids which by their very nature are being continually reproduced. A never ending battle rages. This leads to a steady and continuing state of swelling inside the artery wall. Gradually the overloaded macrophage is killed and all the cholesterol and inflammatory substances are released into the artery wall.

Eventually the body forms a cap of sorts over the swollen wall section. This cap forms plaque which begins the state of atherosclerosis and the shrinking of the artery opening and resultant constriction in the flow of blood. If this occur in an artery that leads to the heart, it may impede the flow of blood to the heart. This restriction however does not usually cause a heart attack. Plaque deposits are full of inflammation and LDL. Immune cells, T-lymphocytes and macrophages, are the most severe when it comes to containing inflammatory cells. If the plaque deposit has a thin cap, it is more likely to rupture.

Ruptures are the most common cause of heart attacks.

If a plaque cap rupture, blood will seep into the artery wall. The normal wound response mechanism starts and clotting agents are sent to the area. Platelets enter the wound to create a scab that inside an artery wall is deadly. This scab or clot inside an artery is known as thrombus. It can cut off flow of blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. The section of the heart which is lacking oxygen rich blood begins to die. This is how cardiac arrest occur. The scientific term is a myocardial infarction.

What Causes Rising Cholesterol In The Blood Vessels
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